Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of spinning dizziness which is related to the ear. This kind of spinning dizziness is called vertigo.
Patients typically have symptoms when looking up, rolling over in bed, or bending under things. In some cases it is possible for patients to identify the ear causing the symptoms.
This condition affects roughly 10% of the population over 60. BPPV is likely underdiagnosed and often treated with medications instead of the more effective particle repositioning maneuver.
In BPPV, the organ of balance in the inner ear malfunctions. The ear normally uses small crystals called "otoconia" to determine the direction of gravity. In a disease state these crystals come loose and float around inside the inner ear. These crystal particles cause the sensation of vertigo (spinning) every time they are disturbed by head motion.
BPPV has characteristic features such as:
Intense vertigo (room spinning)
Nausea, but rarely vomiting
Can be brought on by certain positions
Short duration (minutes)
Characteristic eye movements called nystagmus
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